Chiang Mai (meaning “new city” in Thai) was founded in 1296 as the new capital of Lan Na, replacing the old money, Chiang Rai. The city’s location on the Ping River (a vital tributary of the Chao Phraya River) and proximity to essential trade routes contributed to its historical importance. The city (the Saban Nakhon, ‘municipality’) of Chiang Mai officially includes only most of Mueang Chiang Mai District with a population of 127,000, whose census wing dates back to 1983 when the Chiang Mai city area was the first and last Expanded times since it became the first urban municipality in Thailand (then under Siam) in 1935. Since then, the city’s expansion has spread to several neighboring districts of Hang Dong to the south. , after Mae Rim in the north, Suthep in the west, and San Kamphaeng in the east, form the urban area of Chiang Mai with a population of 1.19 million people, which accounts for more than 66 percent of the total population of Chiang Mai Province.
8 million). The municipality is divided into four khwaeng (constituencies): Nakhon Ping, Sriwichai, Mengrai and Kawila. The first three are on the west bank of the Ping River, and Kawila is on the east bank. Nakhon Ping District covers the northern part of the city. Sriracha, Mengrai and Kawila consist of western, southern and eastern regions. The city center within the city walls is mainly in the Sriwichai District.
History:
Chiang Mai succeeded Chiang Rai as the capital of Lan Na. Pha Yu expanded and fortified the city and built Wat Phra Singh in honour of his father, Kham Fu. The ruler was known as Chao. The town was surrounded by a moat and defensive wall, like the nearby Taungoo dynasty. The Bamar people were a constant threat, as were the armies of the Mongol Empire, which decades earlier had conquered most of Yunnan, China and in 1292 entered, they invaded the border with Chiang Hung’s Dai kingdom. With the decline of Lan Na, the city declined and was occupied by Taungoo in 1556.
Chiang Mai officially became part of the Thonburi Kingdom through an agreement with Chao Kavila in 1774 after King Taksin of Thonburi helped drive out the Taungoo Bamar. Taungoo’s subsequent counterattack resulted in the surrender of Chiang Mai between 1776 and 1791. Lampang then served as the capital of the remains of Lan Na. Chiang Mai then slowly grew in cultural, commercial and economic importance to its current status as the unofficial capital of Northern Thailand.
Population:
Since the urban area was expanded to 40.2 km2 in 1983, no changes or updates have been made, even with the significant increase in population in the years that followed. In 1983, the metropolitan area of Chiang Mai exceeded the municipal limits of 127,000 people and will have grown to over a million by 2022. Slowly, Na. Chiang Mai’s cultural importance grew. Commercially and economically for its current status as the unofficial capital of Northern Thailand.
Climate:
Chiang Mai has a tropical savanna climate tempered by low latitudes and temperate elevations, with warm to hot weather year-round, although nighttime conditions can be cool during the dry season and much cooler than daytime maxima. The highest temperature ever recorded was 42.4 °C (108.3 °F) in May 2005. The effects of hot and cold weather are immediate, but the effects of cold outweigh the effects of heat and contribute to an increased risk of cold-related mortality in people over 85 years of age.
